There has always been a comparison between lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries. Both are materials used in lithium batteries, and in terms of price, there isn’t much difference. Tuy nhiên, in terms of performance, ternary lithium batteries are often considered the preferred choice. Still, some people prefer lithium iron phosphate batteries, mainly depending on their usage scenario, which varies from person to person. If you’re unsure about which to choose, let’s explore the differences between them from the following aspects.

Ternary lithium batteries typically have an energy density ranging from 180 ĐẾN 230 Wh/kg, with high-nickel ternary lithium batteries easily reaching 250 Wh/kg. Tuy nhiên, higher nickel content may increase battery instability. Ngược lại, lithium iron phosphate batteries usually have an energy density of 140 ĐẾN 160 Wh/kg, potentially reaching up to 180 Wh/kg. Blade batteries, a type of lithium iron phosphate battery, achieve densities of 140 Wh/kg for the first generation and up to 180 Wh/kg for the second generation.

Lithium batteries tend to weaken in low temperatures. The low-temperature limit for lithium iron phosphate is generally around -20℃, while ternary lithium batteries can withstand temperatures as low as -30℃. Between 0 and -20℃, lithium batteries degrade by approximately 10% ĐẾN 30%, while ternary lithium batteries typically degrade 10% less than lithium iron phosphate. Currently, many automakers and battery manufacturers are developing advanced thermal management technologies to improve the low-temperature performance of power batteries.

Ternary lithium batteries typically endure around 2000 charge-discharge cycles, while lithium iron phosphate batteries usually last for about 3000 chu kỳ, 1.5 times that of ternary lithium batteries. Battery life is not measured in years but in charge-discharge cycles, with a degradation of less than 20% after a certain number of cycles. For instance, after 2000 chu kỳ, the battery capacity is equivalent to only 80%, and it continues to degrade with further use.

In puncture tests, traditional lithium iron phosphate batteries produce no flame, emit smoke, and reach surface temperatures of 200℃ to 400℃, while ternary lithium batteries experience an instantaneous temperature rise of over 500 degrees and undergo intense combustion.

Previously, the average cost in the battery industry showed lithium iron phosphate batteries at 0.6RMB/Wh and ternary batteries at 0.8 RMB/Wh. Calculating for a 60 kWh battery, ternary lithium battery costs 48,000RMB, while lithium iron phosphate costs 36,000 yuan, resulting in a difference of 12,000 RMB. Tuy nhiên, by 2022, due to supply chain disruptions, particularly significant price increases in nickel and cobalt, ternary lithium battery costs surged, while lithium iron phosphate costs saw relatively smaller increases. Tesla even procured blade batteries to reduce overall vehicle costs.